Since prehistoric times, the peoples of the North Caucasus (Abkhazians, Circassians, Karachays, Balkars, Ossetians, Chechen-Ingush people and Dagestan peoples) have continued their independent existence with their unique social structures in their homeland, the North Caucasus.
A period of intense war that would last for centuries began between the Russians and the North Caucasians, who came to the region with invasive ambitions starting from the 16th century . This struggle, which became more intense at the beginning of the 19th century, unfortunately resulted in the Russian occupation of the region in 1864. The Russians, who do not hesitate to commit all kinds of inhumane practices and genocide by destroying their living spaces , subjected the North Caucasians to forced migration (exile), covering almost the entire North-West Caucasus. These great waves of migration of the Northern Caucasians, which took place under very difficult conditions, took place in the Ottoman lands, where they would create new living spaces.
Prof. Dr. Kemal Karpat described this exile as "one of the greatest murders in history". Again, regarding this forced migration, Mr. Karpat defined the North Caucasians as "a people who have lived in their homeland for the longest time without moving ." In another assessment, Karpat stated that the number of North Caucasians who were subjected to forced migration was "An estimated 2 million, and 600,800 thousand of them lost their lives by drowning in the sea and due to epidemic diseases ." These findings, made by an impartial scientist, clearly reveal the gravity of a tragedy that took place.
Shedding light on history is based on testimonies. Written documents are undoubtedly the most important of these testimonies. Among the official documents related to North Caucasians, those of North Caucasian origin are limited. In addition to the rich Ottoman archives, Russian, Iranian, British, French, Italian and Georgian archive documents are of great importance for the history of the North Caucasus.
As a result of the scans we carried out in the Ottoman archives within the framework of the project we initiated as the Caucasus Foundation, we obtained nearly five thousand of the tens of thousands of documents we estimate to exist regarding the Caucasus and North Caucasians . Among these documents, we simplified the 111 documents we saw regarding the North Caucasus-Russian war process, North Caucasus-Ottoman relations, migration, settlement in Ottoman lands and diplomatic relations into today's Turkish and presented them to the attention of researchers, interested parties and readers.
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